On April 4, 2023, Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of the State and Law of the Faculty of Law, Iryna Varava, held a legal debate with students of the 11th grade of the Stavyshchensk educational complex "General Education School of I-III degrees - Pedagogical Lyceum No. 1 of the Stavyshchensk Settlement Council of the Belotserkiv District, Kyiv Region on the topic "Realization of a personal’s right to respect, honor and dignity of a person in the conditions of martial law".
Protection of legal rights and freedoms of citizens is one of the key responsibilities of the state, the teacher emphasized. However, there are situations when their limitation is unavoidable and is carried out exclusively in the manner and by the means provided by the current legislation. In particular, Article 64 of the Constitution of Ukraine establishes exceptions under which individual restrictions on human rights and freedoms may be established. The introduction of martial law or a state of emergency directly acts as such a reason.
Mrs. Iryna familiarized the high school students with the normative acts that regulate the legal protection of human and citizen rights during martial law, namely: the Constitution of Ukraine dated June 28, 1996, the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law" dated May 12, 2015 No. 389-VIII ( hereinafter - Law of Ukraine No. 389-VIII), Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 753 "On approval of the procedure for involving able-bodied persons in socially useful works under martial law" dated July 13, 2011 (hereinafter - Resolution No. 753), Law of Ukraine "On Transfer , forced alienation or confiscation of property under the legal regime of martial law or state of emergency" dated May 17, 2012 No. 4765-VI.
Referring to Presidential Decree No. 64/2022, Iryna Varava drew the attention of young people to the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen, which may be limited during the period of the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine, in particular: the inviolability of housing; secrecy of correspondence, telephone conversations, telegraphic and other correspondence; non-interference in personal and family life, except for cases provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine; freedom of movement, free choice of place of residence, the right to freely leave the territory of Ukraine, with the exception of restrictions established by law; the right to freedom of thought and speech, to the free expression of one's views and beliefs; the right to participate in the management of state affairs, in all-Ukrainian and local referenda, to freely elect and be elected to state and local self-government bodies; the right to assemble peacefully, without weapons, and hold meetings, rallies, marches and demonstrations; the right to own, use and dispose of one's property, the results of one's intellectual and creative activity; the right to entrepreneurial activity that is not prohibited by law, the right to work; the right to strike to protect one's economic and social interests; the right to education.
A lively discussion of the topic took place between the participants, after which it was concluded that the specified measures should be carried out in accordance with the current legislation and cannot significantly limit the fundamental rights of citizens. In addition, any restrictions must be proportionate to the objectives they pursue. At the end of the meeting, Iryna Varava conducted career guidance with schoolchildren, which will help them make informed choices in the future and allow them to make decisions that will contribute to the development of their personality.